Palliolum striatum (Müller, 1776)
MÜLLER, O. F. 1776. Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum, characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. Havniae: Hallageriis. xxxii + 281 p [p. 248]
1776 Pecten striatus Müller, 1776
1784 Pecten vitreum Chemnitz, 1784
1784 Pecten reticulatus Chemnitz, 1784
1791 Ostrea fuci Gmelin, 1791
1839 Pecten aculeatus Jeffreys, 1839
1839 Pecten landsburgi Forbes in J. Smith, 1839
1844 Pecten rimulosus Philippi, 1844
1864 Pecten testae var. suborbicularis Jeffreys, 1864
1864 Pecten reticulatus Chemnitz in Jeffreys, 1864
1784 Pecten vitreum Chemnitz, 1784
1784 Pecten reticulatus Chemnitz, 1784
1791 Ostrea fuci Gmelin, 1791
1839 Pecten aculeatus Jeffreys, 1839
1839 Pecten landsburgi Forbes in J. Smith, 1839
1844 Pecten rimulosus Philippi, 1844
1864 Pecten testae var. suborbicularis Jeffreys, 1864
1864 Pecten reticulatus Chemnitz in Jeffreys, 1864
«Palliolum is regarded here as the stem genus of the tribe. Among its oldest species are Palliolum prestwichi (Morris, 1852) from the Thanetian, Palliolum vincenti (Glibert 1933) from the lower Lutetian, P. nysti (G. Vincent, 1881) from the middle Lutetian, and P. decussatum (Münster in Goldfuss, 1833) from the Rupelian, all of which occur in northern Europe. Fossil species of the extant species Palliolum incomparabile (Risso, 1826) have been reported from rocks as old as Chattian (Baldi 1973: 183). Collectively these fossil species have posterior auricles that are shorter than the anterior ones in length and have convex to nearly straight posterior auricular margins that tend to form obtuse angles with the hinge. If radial costae are present on the disk, they are fine and numerous and tend to be continuous from early ontogeny. In these costate forms, coarse antimarginal striae commonly cross over the costae rather than being restricted to rib interspaces as in Dhondtichlamys. All auricles are multicostate regardless of whether costae are present on the disk. The extant species Palliolum striatum and P. incomparabile retain most of these ancestral features. The latter is the type species of the genus (subsequent designation by Crosse; see Hertlein 1969: N354).»
WALLER, T. R. 2006. New Phylogenies of the Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia): reconciling Morphological and Molecular Approaches. In S.E. Shumway & G.J. Parsons (Ed.) 2006: Scallops: Biology, Ecology and Aquaculture, 1-44, figs. 1.1-1.4. [p. 17]
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«Pecten striatus Müller (1776:248 [original description]); Müller (1788:26, pl. 60, figs 35 [subsequent description]). Pecten striatus Müller; Jensen (1912:24 [Icelandic distribution]); Madsen (1949:34 [Icelandic distribution]).
Palliolum striatum (Müller); Abbott (1974:446, fig. 5165); Wagner (1991:9, text fig. 3, pl. 2, figs 2, 4 [synonymy, references]. Type material Probably lost (not in ZMC, T. Schiøtte, personal communication). Type locality Although Müller (1776) did not indicate a locality for this species, it is most likely that the type material was collected from the Oslofjord (Norway), at that time belonging to Denmark (see Soot-Ryen 1963:111). Distribution North-western Atlantic from Newfoundland southwards to Massachusetts (USA), and north-eastern Atlantic from Hammerfest in Norway at 70.6°N, southwards into the Mediterranean Sea. A single record from south-western Greenland (Sukkertoppen, 27-36 m, 23 Sept 1870, SMNH 56310) earlier identified as Delectopecten vitreus (Posselt & Jensen 1898, see D. vitreus) must be considered uncertain although the label seems to be in order. All around Iceland, except the eastern and south-eastern coasts. Living in 25-400 m (HL), on coarse sediments, gravel, and shells, byssally attached to hard substrates. Found during BIOICE at a single station in 139-141 m (Map 4). Description Shell (Figures 15E, F, 16E, F) up to ca. 25 mm high (usually smaller), thin, flattened, circular to more oval in shape, nearly equiconvex, slightly higher than long, anterior auricles larger and longer than posterior ones, umbonal angle ca. 95°, colour strongly variable with blotches or streaks. Prodissoconch 1, length 90 μm, prodissoconch 2, length 215 μm (Figure 13G), colour brown. Left valve (Figures 11C, D) covered with a coarsely granular antimarginal micro-sculpture and numerous, regularly spaced, scaly riblets (up to ca. 70). Anterior (large) and posterior (small) auricles indistinctly demarcated from disc, with similar microsculpture and 47 radial riblets. Right valve with a more delicate antimarginal micro-sculpture and 3-5 anterior and posterior radial riblets. Auricles of similar sculpture, anterior ones with 7-10, posterior ones with 3-5 radial riblets. Hinge line nearly straight, somewhat raised laterally. Byssal notch deep, byssal fasciole broad. Active ctenolium well-developed with 5-7 teeth along suture. Remarks Juveniles (< 4 mm) (Figures 14E, F) may easily be confused with juveniles of Palliolum incomparabile (Risso 1826). However, P. striatum has small, radially arranged scales on the left valve, whereas P. incomparabile (Figures 14C, D) has a more uniform and delicate antimarginal sculpture on both valves. The small scales appear at a size around 1.5 mm, but at this size, only their bases are developed. The right valves of the two species can hardly be distinguished, even in adult specimens. Also P. tigerinum may be very similar, but its radial micro-sculpture is usually slightly stronger, also before the radial ribs appear. Icelandic specimens agree well with topotype material (ZMO, SMNH) from the Oslofjord. To find only a single specimen in the BIOICE material is surprising since the species is not rare in private collections; perhaps it has a more shallow distribution than the BIOICE dredgings. Palliolum incomparabile (Risso, 1826) (= Palliolum furtivum (Lovén, 1846)) is not known from Iceland or the Faroes, but occurs from ca. 69°N in Norway (Brattegard & Holthe 1997) and southwards along the European coast in 20-300 m depth (Dijkstra & Goud 2002, SMNH). It is figured (Figures 11A, B, 13I, 14C,D, 15C,D, 16C,D) for comparison.» DIJKSTRA, H. H., A. WARÉN & G. GUDMUNDSSON. 2009. Pectinoidea (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from Iceland. Marine Biology Research, 5: 207-243, figs. 1-20. [p. 227, 228]
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Palliolum striatum (Müller, 1776); H. H. Dijkstra, A. Warén & G. Gudmundsson, 2009, Pectinoidea from Iceland, figures 14E, 14F;15E, 15F; 16E, 16F.
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«Rapports et différences.— Ch. incomparabilis, que nous décrivons ci-dessous, se distingue essentiellement par l'absence de l'ornementation radiale. Les formes lisses de Ch. tigrina sont également dépourvues de celle ornementation caractéristique.
Des filets radiaires très finement écailleux, se trouvent également chez Ch. Hoskynsyi FORBES, du groupe de Chlamys similis. Trois caractères différentiels sont à indiquer: le contour arrondi chez Ch. Hoskynsi, l'absence de l'ornemenlation type Camptonectes, l'indication plus ou moins vague de côtes internes dans la même espèce. Distribution stratigraphique et géographique.— Ch. striata est une espèce abyssale, actuellement répandue dans la Méditerranée, et représentée dans l'Atlantique par P. aculeatus JEFFREYS (1838, Conch. and malac. Magaz., l, p. 40), que certains voudraient considérer comme espèce distincte. A l'état fossile, elle n'est connue que dans le Sicilien et dans le Quaternaire de l'Italie méridionale.» ROGER, J. 1939. Le genre Chlamys dans les formations néogènes de l'Europe. Conclusions générales sur la répartition géographique et stratigraphique des Pectinidés du Tertiare Récent. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France [Nouvelle série], 17 (2-4): 1-294, pls. 1-28. [p. 204]
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Chlamys striata Müller; J. Roger, 1939, Le genre Chlamys dans les formations néogènes de l'Europe, plate 20, figures 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b.
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