Gloripallium speciosum (Reeve, 1853)
REEVE, L. A. 1852-1853. Monograph of the genus Pecten. In: L. A. Reeve (Ed.), 1843-1878, Conchologia Iconica; or illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals, vol. 8 [unnumbered pages], pls. 1-35. London. [sp. 112, pl. 27, fig. 112]
1853 Pecten speciosus Reeve, 1853
L. A. Reeve, 1852-1853,
plate 27. |
«PECTEN SPECIOSUS. Pect. testa trigono-orbiculari, compressa, aequilaterali, subaequivalvi, valvis costis duodecim ad tredecim radiatis, costis latiusculis subconfertis, squamis amplis pulcherrime fornicatis undique dense ornatis; alba, valva sinistra nigricante-fusco roseoque tincta et tessellata, dextra pallidiore; auriculis inaequalibus, imbricato-squamatis.
THE BEAUTIFUL PECTEN. Shell triangularly orbicular, compressed, equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves rayed with twelve to thirteen ribs, which are somewhat broad and rather close-set, densely ornamented throughout with large very beautifully vaulted scales; white, left valve stained and tessellated with blackish-brown and rose, right valve paler; ears unequal, imbricately-scaled. Hab. Phihppine Islands. This very beautiful little species is furbelowed throughout with rather broadly vaulted scales, and most delicately coloured.» LOVELL AUGUSTUS REEVE, 1853 |
«Description. — Shell solid, up to 60 mm high, most adult specimens 35-45 mm in height; nearly equally inflated, circular, equivalve, equilateral, auricles unequal in shape and size, umbonal angle c. 90-95˚; vividly coloured with highly variable blotches and/or bands of red, yellow, purple, maroon or brown, sometimes uniformly coloured, right valve paler; interior whitish. Both valves with 11-13 primary radial plicae. Commarginal squamae on costae in early growth stages, developed to curved lamellae in adult stage (not trifid as in G. pallium). Auricles with 3-6 squamous or nodulous radial costae. Byssal notch deep, byssal fasciole rather broad. Functional ctenolium with 3-6 teeth. Resilifer triangularly oblong. Marginal auricular gape present between auricular crura. Resilial teeth weak, dorsal teeth prominent. Inner surface plicate, with prominent internal rib carinae.
Distribution. — Throughout the tropical Indo-West Pacific (except the Red Sea and the Hawaiian Islands) from southern Japan to northern Australia, westwards into the Indian Ocean to South Africa and Mozambique, and eastwards into the central Pacific (Raines & Poppe, 2006: 120; Raines, 2010: 606). Present specimens from the Philippines alive at 90-98 m (minimum depth range). Living byssally attached to coral slabs or to rubble under the slab and amongst coral rubble on sandy bottoms. Remarks. — The present specimens from the Philippines are indistinguishable from the type material and the sculpture is rather constant, except for the lamellae on the radial costae. Most deep-water specimens have undivided costae and strongly developed lamellae in the adult stage. Formerly in literature G. speciosum was treated as a subspecies or variant of G. pallium, but Raines & Poppe (2006: 118-123) maintained these pallium and speciosum forms as separate species again. For comparison with G. spiniferum (Sowerby 1st, 1835) from French Polynesia and G. maculosum (Forsskål, 1775) from the Red Sea see Dijkstra & Kilburn (2001: 281).» DIJKSTRA, H. H. 2013. Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae and Pectinidae) from the Panglao region, Philippine Islands. Vita Malacologica, 10: 1-108, pls. 1-32. [p. 43]
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Gloripallium speciosum (Reeve, 1853); H. H. Dijkstra, 2013, Pectinoidea from the Panglao region, Philippine Islands, plate 11, figures 1a-1d.
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«Remarks: There has been much controversy over the years regarding G. speciosum. Some authors consider it only to be a subspecies or simply a synonym of G. pallium. After having examined literally thousands of specimens, I have yet to find a single intermediat e between these two species. However, what I have found and what I suspect is being misidentified as intermediates are actually subadult G. pallium, which bear scales that have not yet begun to triplate. I have examined several G. pallium specimens that did not show triplated scales until after 24 mm of growth. Although not part of the original scope, I was compelled to address this issue in further detail.
Waller (1972), was probably the first to propose that G. speciosum was a junior synonym of G. pallium, since most authors reference his work when taking a position. However, l take exception to his analysis, because in my opinion the sample population was too small (2 to 8 specimens), and did not comprise of a growth series. It should be noted, that the size of the specimens in Waller's analysis measured approximately 41 to 50 mm, making them all borderline subadults for G. pallium.» RAINES,
B. K. & G. T. POPPE. 2006. A Conchological Iconography. The Family Pectinidae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 402 p., 320 pls. [p. 120]
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Gloripallium speciosum (Reeve, 1853); B. K. Raines & G. T. Poppe, 2006, A Conchological Iconography. The Family Pectinidae, plate 73.
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«Pecten speciosus Reeve, 1853 (Figures 51-56), considered by many to be a species distinct from Gloripallium pallium, is considered here to be merely an intrapopulation variant characterized by unusually well-developed squamae that do not become trifid early in growth on the right valve. Because gradations exist between these specimens and normal, submature G. pallium, Reeve's species is listed here as a junior subjective synonym.»
WALLER,
T. R. 1972. The Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) of Eniwetock Atoll,
Marshall Islands. The Veliger, 14 (3): 221-264, pls. 1-8. [p. 241]
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Holotype of Pecten speciosus Reeve, 1853; T. R. Waller, 1972, The Pectinidae of Eniwetock Atoll, plate 3, figures 51-56.
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«Chez la variété speciosa, établie par REEVE sur un exemplaire assez jeune, les squamules des côtes ne sont pas divisées en trois parties par des sillons longitudinaux mais elles sont continues. Celle sculpture ne persiste généralement pas à l'àge adulte.
La coloration est extrèmement variable chez le P. pallium; on rencontre des spécimens d'un beau rouge vermillon tachetés de blanc dans le voisinage des sommets seulement, d'autres, marbrés de rouge et de blanc sur toute la surface, d'autres encore sont ornés de zônes brunes sur fond blanc, enfin, on en trouve qui sont variés de brun, de blanc et de jaune orangé. La plupart des variétés de coloration ont été fort bien représentées par CHENU: Illustralions Conchyliologiques, pl. 26. Cette espèce, bien connue, est répandue dans tout l'Océan Indien et dans l'Océan Pacifique occidental. Elle a été signalée aux Iles Andaman, aux Philippines, au détroit de Torres, au Queensland, à Lifou, à Funafuti, aux iles Flint et à l'île Caroline; nous la connaissons aussi des Séchelles, de la Nouvelle Calédonie, des Iles Tonga, de Tahiti et de Rairoa. La variété speciosa a été citée de Ceylan, des Philippines et de Funafuti.» DAUTZEMBERG,
P. & A. BAVAY. 1912. Les lamellibranches de l'Expédition du Siboga.
Partie Systématique I: Pectinidés. Monographie Siboga-Expeditie, 53b
E.J. Brill, Leiden: 1-41. [p. 21]
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Pecten Pallium; J. C. Chenu, 1842-1854, Illustrations conchyliologiques, plate 26.
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