Entolium corneolum (Young & Bird, 1828)
YOUNG, G. & J. BIRD. 1828. A geological survey of the Yorkshire coast: describing the strata and fossils occurring between the Humber and the Tees, from the German ocean to the plain of York. Second Edition. 364 p., pls. 1-17, Printed at the Office of R. Kirby. Whitby, 1828 [p. 234, pl. 9, fig. 5]
1825 Pecten laevis Defrance, 1825
1828 Pecten corneolus Young & Bird, 1828
1829 Pecten demissus Phillips, 1829
1833 Pecten phillipsii Voltz in Thurmann, 1833
1833 Pecten disciformis Schübler in Zieten, 1833
1836 Pecten solidus F. A. Roemer, 1836
1836 Pecten vitreus F. A. Roemer, 1936
1839 Pecten spathulatus F. A. Roemer, 1839
1850 Pecten silenus Orbigny, 1850
1850 Pecten subcingulatus Orbigny, 1850
1850 Pecten rhipheus Orbigby, 1850
1855 Pecten censoriensis Cotteau, 1855
1856 Pecten renevieri Oppel, 1856
1856 Pecten demissus gingensis Quenstedt, 1856
1862 Pecten nicoleti Étallon in Thurmann & Étallon, 1862
1867 Pecten oblongus W. H. Waagen, 1867
1876 Pecten pilatensis Favre, 1876
1883 Pecten demissus var. mutile Whidborne, 1883
1924 Pecten leachi McLearn, 1924
1929 Pecten valauryense Lanquine, 1929
1936 Pecten subcomatus F. A. Roemer, 1936
1828 Pecten corneolus Young & Bird, 1828
1829 Pecten demissus Phillips, 1829
1833 Pecten phillipsii Voltz in Thurmann, 1833
1833 Pecten disciformis Schübler in Zieten, 1833
1836 Pecten solidus F. A. Roemer, 1836
1836 Pecten vitreus F. A. Roemer, 1936
1839 Pecten spathulatus F. A. Roemer, 1839
1850 Pecten silenus Orbigny, 1850
1850 Pecten subcingulatus Orbigny, 1850
1850 Pecten rhipheus Orbigby, 1850
1855 Pecten censoriensis Cotteau, 1855
1856 Pecten renevieri Oppel, 1856
1856 Pecten demissus gingensis Quenstedt, 1856
1862 Pecten nicoleti Étallon in Thurmann & Étallon, 1862
1867 Pecten oblongus W. H. Waagen, 1867
1876 Pecten pilatensis Favre, 1876
1883 Pecten demissus var. mutile Whidborne, 1883
1924 Pecten leachi McLearn, 1924
1929 Pecten valauryense Lanquine, 1929
1936 Pecten subcomatus F. A. Roemer, 1936
«Note: Most authors regard Quenstedt's material (1858, pI. 48, figs. 6-7) as belonging to Pecten disciformis Schübler in Zieten (1833) and not to Phillips' species P. demissus (Burckhardt, 1903; Hertlein in Cox et aI., 1969; Duff, 1978). This misidentification of the type species was discussed by Duff (1978), whose criteria are followed here. On the other hand some authors (Jaworski, 1926; Johnson, 1984) followed Staesche (1926, p. 99) and regarded E. disciforme as a synonym of Entolium corneolum (Young and Bird, 1828). It is impossible to decide on this point without seeing the original material. Recently Johnson (1984) revised European species of the genus and recognized only three species, and he referred all Early Jurassic material to only one species. Nevertheless, on the basis of the available illustrations, the neotype of E. corneolum (Arkell, 1930, pI. 7, fig. 4, designated by Duff, 1978, p. 62) and the holotype of its synonym E. demissum (Phillips, 1829, pI. 6, fig. 5; Arkell, 1930, pI. 9, fig. 8; Duff, 1978, pl. 5, fig. 3) have a less orbicular form, larger auricles and smaller umbonal angle than typical E. disciforme, as noted by Duff (1978, p. 64).»
DAMBORENEA, S. E. & C. M. GONZÁLEZ-LEÓN. 1997. Late Triassic bivalves from Sonora, Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, 14 (2): 178-201. [p. 190]
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«Examples of the species described in Section 3 have most often been referred to 'Pecten' demissus PHILLIPS. The sole known type (YM 202), a rather atypical form with a narrow umbonal angle (1), was said by ARKELL (1930a) to exemplify Oxfordian forms of Entolium as distinct from Bajocian and Bathonian forms which were said to have a larger umbonal angle. ROEMER's (1836) species 'P.' solidus (2) and 'P.' vitreus (3), also from the Oxfordian, were placed in synonymy with 'P.' demissus on the basis of comparable umbonal angles. ARKELL originally considered that Bajocian and Bathonian forms should be referred to D'ORBIGNY's (1850) species 'P.' Rhypheus (syntypes [2] MNO 2908) but he later (1935a) considered that they should be united with forms referred to 'P.' demissus (a conclusion supported by text fig. 32) under the slightly earlier name of 'P.' corneolus Young and Bird (1828). The figure of the latter species is poor and the original is now lost. However, the description (see Section 1) leaves little doubt as to its affinities and DUFF has now designated an appropriate neotype (OUM J8151; 4). Middle Jurassic representatives of E. (E.) corneolum have usually been referred to either 'P.' disciformis SCHÜBLER or 'P.' spathulatus ROEMER. H/UA of the original figures of both species (5 and 6 respectively) from the M. Jurassic of Germany, is within the range of E. (E.) corneolum although that of 'P.' spathulatus is near the limit of variation in measured specimens.»
JOHNSON, A. L. A. 1984. The palaeobiology of the bivalve families Pectinidae and Propeamussiidae in the Jurassic of Europe. Zitteliana, 11: 1-235, pls. 1-11. [p. 47, 49]
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Entolium (Entolium) corneolum (Young and Bird 1828); A. L. A. Johnson, 1984, The palaeobiology of the bivalve families Pectinidae and Propeamussiidae in the Jurassic of Europe, plate 1, figures 24-26.
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«Remarks. The synonymy given above refers to the most important British references to the species, and lists occurrences not recorded by Arkell (1930, p. 91).
The variability of the species may be well seen in populations collected from horizons such as the Hackness Rock and within the Corallian Beds, where narrow subovate specimens occur together with much wider suborbicular forms. Arkell (1930, p. 93; 1935, p. xi) originally claimed to be able to distinguish between Middle and Upper Jurassic specimens of Entolium, and referred the Bathonian forms to E. rhypheum (d'Orbigny), on the basis of their more orbicular outline and larger umbonal angle. However, he later (in Cox & Arkell 1948, p. 15) amended this view, and agreed that the forms were indistinguishable on the basis of the great range of variation at all horizons. The author agrees with the view that E. corneolum is a very variable, long-ranging species.» DUFF, K. L. 1978. Bivalvia from the English Lower Oxford Clay (Middle Jurassic). Palaeontographical Society. Monograph 553: 1-137, pls. 1-13. [p. 63]
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Entolium (Entolium) corneolum (Young & Bird, 1828); K. L. Duff, 1978, Bivalvia from the English Lower Oxford Clay (Middle Jurassic), plate 5, figures 3-5.
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«REMARKS. Authors who have drawn a specific distinction between Pecten solidus Roemer and P. demissus Phillips have admitted that stratigraphical rather than morphological considerations have led them to do so. MIle C. Dechaseaux (1936: 61) has regarded them as synonymous. Arkell has shown that Pecten corneolus was the earliest name for the species commonly known as Entolium demissum.»
COX, L. R. 1965. Jurassic bivalvia and gastropoda from Tanganyika and Kenia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology, Supplement, 1: 1-213, pls. 1-30. [p. 51]
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