Semipallium crouchi (E. A. Smith, 1892)
SMITH, E. A. 1892. Description of new species of shells from Mauritius and California. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History [6th Serie], 51: 255-256 [p. 255, text fig.]
1892 Pecten crouchi E. A. Smith, 1892
Semipallium crouchi (E. A. Smith, 1892); B. K. Raines & G. T. Poppe, 2006, A Conchological Iconography, The Family Pectinidae, plate 187, figures 1-6.
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«Testa compressa, inferne rotundata, ad apicem peracuminata, subaequivalvis, costis validis octo in utraque valva instructa, supra et inter costas radiatim striata, undique microscopice suporficialiter reticulata; valva sinistra albida, aurantio vel purpureo plus minus tincta, supra et inter costas saturate purpureo vel sanguineo irregulariter copiose maculata, lineisque angulatis albis inter costas hic illic ornata; valva dextra pallidior, marginem ventralem versus aurantio vel purpureo tincta, inter et supra costas parum maculata; margo cardinis perobliquus, rectilinearis, valde inaequalis, parte postica brevissima, longit. totius ⅓ vix aequante; auriculae valde inaequales, radiatim tenuiter costulatae, postica minima, antica valvae dextrae inferne profunde sinuata; costae valvae sinistrae interstitiis angustiores, valvae dextrae latiores.
Longit. 38 millim., alt. 46, diam. 11.
Hab. Mauritius.
This beautiful species is distinguished by the very sloping dorsal margins, which converge at the apex at an angle of 75°; the very unequal auricles; the elevated ribs, those of the left valve being narrower than the interstices or the costae of the other valve; the style of coloration, which, however, is variable; the fine radiating striae and the microscopic reticulation or shagreened epidermal coating, which everywhere invests the surface and which is easily rubbed off during the process of cleaning. The central ribs of the left valve have about seven raised lines down each, separated by striae or sulci of about equal width, and the grooves between the costae are ornamented with about the same number of lines. The valves are whitish within, and, being thin, the blotching of the exterior, especially that of the left valve, is more or less distinctly visible.
This species differs from P. tigris, Lam,, which in some respects it resembles, in the more sloping dorsal margins, in having fewer and much more elevated costae, in the style of colouring, and the greater inequality of the auricles. I have much pleasure in naming this handsome species after Mr. Walter Crouch, the author of several useful papers on the Mollusca and other branches of the zoology of Essex.» EDGAR ALBERT SMITH, 1892
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«Distribution: Red Sea, northern east coast of South Africa, Réunion, and Mauritius. Littoral to sublittoral depths, living byssally attached to dead or living corals or amongst coral rubble on sandy substrates.
Remarks: Philippi (1845: 101) recorded Pecten tigris Lamarck, 1819 from the Red Sea, and referred to Chemnitz (1784, fig. 608). Chemnitz's figure, however represents Gloripallium maculosum (Forssąl). IsseI (1869: 103) also mentioned P. tigris from the Red Sea, and referred to Philippi's description and figure. At present no records of Semipallium tigris are known from the Red Sea, although specimens have been examined from Mauritius, Reunion (MNHN) and South Africa (NM).
Smith (1891: 434) and Shopland (1896: 234) cited a variety of Pecten luculentus Reeve from Aden. This form could be S. crouchi. Sturany (1901: 295) and Rees & Stuckey (1952: 198) also recorded P. luculentus from the Gulf of Aqaba and the Red Sea. This should be P. crouchi. They neglected or overlooked Smith's description. Cox (1929: 204) reported Chlamys fulvicostata (Adams & Reeve) from the Red Sea and synonymized with it Pecten luculentus Reeve, 1853. He followed the opinion of Dautzenberg & Bavay (1912: 16-17), who also placed Pecten dringi Reeve, 1853, in that synonymy. We consider that Semipallium dringi, from the lndo-West Pacific, however, is a valid species (see Dijkstra, 1991b: 39). The conchological characters of Sernipallium dianae (Crandall, 1979) from the lndo-West Pacific. are closest to the present species (Dijkstra, 1991b: 38). For description of the present species see Oliver (1992: 77).» DIJKSTRA, H. H. & J. KNUDSEN. 1998. Some Pectinoidea (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Pectinidae) of the Red Sea. Molluscan Research, 19 (2): 43-104, pls. 1-10. [p. 80, 81]
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Semipallium crouchi (E. A. Smith, 1892); H. H. Dijkstra & J. Knudsen, 1998, Some Pectinoidea of the Red Sea, plate 6, figure 29.
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