Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
HERMANN, J. 1781. Erster Brief über einige Conchylien an den Herausgeber. Der Naturforscher, 16: 50-56, pl. 2. [p. 51]
1781 Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
1784 Ostrea echinata Martyn, 1784
1793 Spondylus albus Schreibers, 1793
1798 Spondylus dominicensis Röding, 1798
1819 Spondylus longitudinalis Lamarck, 1819
1819 Spondylus longispina Lamarck, 1819
1819 Spondylus avicularis Lamarck, 1819
1819 Spondylus arachnoides Lamarck, 1819
1819 Spondylus americanus Lamarck, 1819
1853 Spondylus foliabrassicae d'Orbigny, 1853
1853 Spondylus echinatus d'Orbigny, 1853
1856 Spondylus cuneus Reeve, 1856
2009 Spondylus aurispinae Damarco & Bologna, 2009
1784 Ostrea echinata Martyn, 1784
1793 Spondylus albus Schreibers, 1793
1798 Spondylus dominicensis Röding, 1798
1819 Spondylus longitudinalis Lamarck, 1819
1819 Spondylus longispina Lamarck, 1819
1819 Spondylus avicularis Lamarck, 1819
1819 Spondylus arachnoides Lamarck, 1819
1819 Spondylus americanus Lamarck, 1819
1853 Spondylus foliabrassicae d'Orbigny, 1853
1853 Spondylus echinatus d'Orbigny, 1853
1856 Spondylus cuneus Reeve, 1856
2009 Spondylus aurispinae Damarco & Bologna, 2009
Spondylus americanus. Lamk.; J. G. Bruguière, J. B. Lamarck & J. B. Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1791-1827, Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature, plate 195, figures 1, 2.
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«SPONDYLUS (americanus) valva inferiore pone cardinem abrasa sulco cartilaginifero exarata.»
JOHANN HERMANN, 1781
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«Type locality: “les mers d’Amérique, à Saint-Domingue”.
Material in MHNG: Lamarck collection: 5 lots totalling 9 specimens, all with loc. “Amérique” on the labels: MHNG 1088/88 (1 pv) (figured herein, Plate 2, Figs 5–6), figured by CHENU, pl. 4 fig. 4; MHNG 1088/89 (1 pv) (figured herein, Plate 2 Figs 7–8), not figured in earlier literature, with a handwritten inscription by LAMARCK on the inner side of the shell; MHNG 1088/90/1-4 (4 pv) (figured herein, Plates 3–4 Figs 9–17), none figured in earlier literature, with a label by LAMARCK, bearing the name “Spondylus americanus, Chemn. 7, t. 45, f. 465”; MHNG 1088/91 (1 pv) (figured herein, Plate 5 Figs 18–19), figured by CHENU, pl. 5 fig. 2; MHNG 1088/92/1-2 (var. b or c): 2 pv (figured herein, Plates 5–6 Figs 20–25, one of them (1088/92/1) figured by CHENU, pl. 3 fig. 2–2 a. — Delessert collection: 7 specimens, all figured by CHENU, and with “Amérique” as locality on the labels: MHNG 30683, 1 pv of “var. c”, figured by CHENU, pl. 4 fig. 5–5 a; MHNG 30684, 1 pv, figured by CHENU, pl. 3 fig. 1–1 a; MHNG 30685, 1 pv of “var. c”, figured by CHENU, pl. 5 fig. 1–1 a; MHNG 30690, 1 pv, probably figured by CHENU, pl. 4 fig. 2; MHNG 30691, 1 pv, figured by CHENU, pl. 4 fig. 1–1 a; MHNG 30693, 1 pv, figured by CHENU, pl. 4, fig. 3. MHNG 30697: 1 pv, figured by CHENU, pl. 3, fig. 3.
Remarks: In the Lamarck collection, the specimens illustrated by CHENU are easily identifiable, but this is not the case when comparisons are made with the two LAMARCK figures in the “Encyclopédie Méthodique” (pl. 195, figs 1–2). None of the specimens present in the Lamarck collection seem to have been illustrated with LAMARCK’s original description. In the original volumes of Anim. Sans Vert. which pertained to LAMARCK, his daughter Rosalie made an annotation mentioning only 5 specimens (instead of 9) in her father’s original collection. The specimens currently in the Lamarck collection thus have a questionable type status.
Current taxonomic position: synonym of Spondylus americanus Hermann 1781.»
FINET, Y. & K. L. LAMPRELL. 2008. The Spondylidae in the historical collections of the Muséum d'Histoire naturelle, Geneva, with revision of the species described by Lamarck and by Chenu, and notes on nomenclature (Bivalvia: Pectinoidea: Spondylidae). Archiv für Molluskenkunde, 137(1): 1-73, pls. 1-30. [p. 3]
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Spondylus americanus Lamarck 1819. MHNG; Y. Finet & K. L. Lamprell, 2008, The Spondylidae in the historical collections of the Muséum d'Histoire naturelle, Geneva, plates 2-4.
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