Pecten erythraeensis G. B. Sowerby II, 1842
SOWERBY II, G. B. 1842. Monograph of the genus Pecten. In: G. B. Sowerby II (Ed.), 1842-1847, Thesaurus conchyliorum; or, monographs of genera of shells, 1 (2): 45-78, pls. 12-20. London. [p. 49, pl. 18, figs. 163-164]
1842 Pecten erythraeensis G. B. Sowerby II, 1842
G. B. Sowerby II, 1842, plate 18.
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«T. rotundatâ, ventricosâ, Iaevi; auriculis concavis, magnis; valvâ sinistrâ concavâ, costis concavis, medianis, distantibus novem; ad latera utrinque tribus minoribus; valvâ dextrâ costis duodecim, rotundatis, latis, ad marginem valvam alteram superante; colore albo-lutescente, rubro-variegato, umbonibus purpureo-tinctis, internè fusco-purpurascente. Long. 2.10; lat. 0. 60.; alt. 2.; poll.
The general character of this species is similar to that of P. fuscus, but the shell is narrower, and the ribs fewer in number and flatter, those in the upper valve being crossed with lines and spots of red. Found in coral sand in the Red Sea.» GEORGE BRETTINGHAM SOWERBY II, 1842
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«Type material: Pecten erythraeensis G. B. Sowerby 2nd: No specimens in the BMNH at London resemble Sowerby's figure or description closely enough to warrant consideration as type material (J. Pickering and K. Way, pers. comm.). The specimen (BMNH 1840.5.18.70) indicated by Fleming (1957: pI. 1, fig. 2) as holotype, is neither a type specimen or P. erythraeensis.
Type locality: Red Sea, in coral sand. Material examined: The type material. RED SEA: Ras Matarma, 6 v, HUJ 35598; off Elat, 40-49m, 1 v (fragment), 5.ix.1966, MO 28579; off EIat, 37-49m, 1 v (fragment), 6.ix.1966, MO 28535; Ras Sudr, beach, 3 v, viii.1971, MO 28578; off Ras Abu Rudeis, 29°04'N, 33°02'E, 42-46m, 1 spm., 11.xi.1972,. NS 16 466; off Hurghada, 15-20m, live, on sand with eeIgrass, 6 spms., HD 3693. Distribution: Red Sea. Littoral depths, living on soft substrates (mud, sand, coralrubble). Remarks: Forsskąl (1775: 32) mentioned Ostrea zicac from the Red Sea, and possibly referred to the Linnaean species, known only from the tropical western Atlantic. Chemnitz (1784: 281, fig. 592) also referred to a specimen of O. ziczac from the Red Sea, which was in the Spengler collection (ZMUC). He also mentioned another species from the Red Sea, which was collected by Forsskąl himself (p. 272, pI. 60, figs. 586-7, as a variation of Pecten maximus Linnaeus), which is similar to P. erythraeensis. This would imply that there are two different Pecten species in the Red Sea. However, figure 592 confirms Chemnitz's figures 590-591, which refer to a species from Barbados (West Indies). Subsequently several authors (Dillwyn, 1817, G.B. Sowerby 2nd, 1842, Reeve, 1853, IsseI, 1869 and Küster & Kobelt. 1888) cited Forsskąl and Chemnitz, and also recorded the same erroneous locality of the Red Sea. Vaillant (1865), IsseI (1869) and Küster & Kobelt (1888), erroneously recorded Pecten medius Lamarck from the Red Sea. For further information see Cox (1929: 203). Melvill & Standen (1907: 810) erroneously recorded from the Gulf of Oman P. filosus Reeve, which could be based on P. erythraeensis and also described a new species Pecten dorotheae from the Persian Gulf. This implies that P. erythraeensis has a wider distribution into the coastal waters of the Arabian Sea. However, material from that region has not yet been seen by these authors. Bosch & Bosch (1982: 159) confused P. erythraeensis with typical P. dorotheae from Oman, which has angular costae on the right valve instead of rounded ribs, and interstitial commarginal lamellae, which are absent or almost absent in P. erythraeensis. Barnard (1964: 422) recorded a closely allied South African species as Pecten cf. erythraeensis. Recently Kilburn & Dijkstra (1995) described this species as Pecten afribenedictus. For description of the present species see Oliver (1992: 78).» DIJKSTRA, H. H. & J. KNUDSEN. 1998. Some Pectinoidea (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Pectinidae) of the Red Sea. Molluscan Research, 19 (2): 43-104. [p. 71-73]
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Pecten maximus (Linnaeus) var.; J. H. Chemnitz, 1784, Neues Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, pIate 60, figures 586-587.
Pecten erythraeensis G. B. Sowerby 2nd, 1842; H. H. Dijkstra & J. Knudsen, 1998, Some Pectinoidea of the Red Sea, plate 6, figure 30.
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«Comparison: Three species of Pecten are known to inhabit the Indian Ocean, namely P. erythraeensis G. B. Sowerby (2nd), 1842, P. fumatus Reeve, 1852, and P. dorotheae Melvill in Melvill & Standen, 1907. Of these, the closest to P. afribenedictus is P. erythraeensis Sowerby, 1842, from the Red Sea. The latter species differs in its slightly narrower, higher and more rounded radial ribs on the right valve; in the rib intervals, weak, close-set concentric lamellae are visible, these being absent in P. afribenedictus. The left valve in P. erythraeensis is also slightly flatter, and its interior is more or less blotched or flecked with pinkish brown, at least dorsally, which is never the case in P. afribenedictus. External coloration also differs: the right valve of P. erythraeensis is uniform white except for reddish dots near the umbonal area, whereas even in the palest adult specimens of P. afribenedictus this valve shows a brown tinge. Also, in P. erythraeensis the ribs of the left valve are pigmented with delicate, inegularly placed, concentric pinkish brown dashes and the interior lacks the brown border that is always present in P. afribenedictus.»
KILBURN, R. N. & H. H. DIJKSTRA. 1995. A new species of Pecten Müller, 1776, from South Africa, with a note on "Pecten sulcicostatus var. casa" van Bruggen, 1961 (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 36: 271-279, figs. 1-9. [p. 278]
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Pecten erythraeensis Sowerby II, 1842; B. K. Raines & G. T. Poppe, 2006, A Conchological Iconography, The Family Pectinidae, plate 91, figures 1a, 1b.
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