Spondylus rouaulti Archiac & Haime, 1853
ARCHIAC, A. D' & J. HAIME. 1853. Description des animaux fossiles du groupe nummulitique de l’Inde, précédée d’un résumé géologique et d’une monographie des nummulites. 373 p., pls. 1-36. Gide and J. Baudry, Paris. [p. 272, pl. 24, figs. 6, 6a, 6b, 7, 8. ]
1850 Spondylus rouaulti Archiac, 1850 (nomen nudum)
1853 Spondylus rouaulti Archiac & Haime, 1853
1911 Spondylus hispanicus Doncieux, 1911
1927 Spondylus alexandrae Vredenburg in Cossmann & Pissarro, 1927
1853 Spondylus rouaulti Archiac & Haime, 1853
1911 Spondylus hispanicus Doncieux, 1911
1927 Spondylus alexandrae Vredenburg in Cossmann & Pissarro, 1927
A. d'Archiac & J. Haime, 1853, plate 24.
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«SPONDYLUS ROUAULTI, d,'Archiac, Hist. des progrès de la Géol., vol. III, p. 272. 1850.
Coquille ovoïde, sub-équilatérale, sub-équivalve, renflée vers les crochets, presque tranchante du côté opposé, couverte de plis rayonnants fins, serrés, très-inégaux, au nombre d'environ 65. Quelques-uns de ces plis sont tout à fait filiformes; d'autres plus gros et plus saillants, assez également espacés, au nombre de 5 sur la valve droite, de 6 ou 7 sur la gauche, sont armés de deux ou trois épines plus ou moins détachées et relevées. Les sillons étroits qui séparent les plis sont occupés par des stries transverses très-fines et très-serrées (omises dans le grossissement, fig. 6 b). Largeur, 39 millim.; hauteur, 45; épaisseur, 32.
Var. a (Fig, 7). Coquille un peu moins épaisse, moins haute, à contours plus arrondis. Var. b (fig. 8). Coquille plus oblique, transverse, inéquilatérale et déprimée. Observations. Le type de cette espèce, dont nous ne connaissons point l'intérieur et dont la région des crochets nous est aussi très-peu connue, a de l'analogie avec le S. multistriatus, Desh. (pl. XLV, fig. 19, 20), du calcaire grossier et des sables moyens, dont il diffère par ses côtes spinifères constantes. La var. b ressemble un peu au S. duplicatus, Gold. (pl. CV, fig. 6), de la craie, mais le système des plis qui la recouvrent, quoique fort altéré, la rattache probablement encore au S. Rouaulti. Localité. Calcaire grossier jaunâtre, avec Operculines, etc., de la chaîne d'Hala. C.» ADOLPHE D'ARCHIAC & JULES HAIME, 1853
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«REFERENCES. Spondylus rouaulti d'Archiac, 1850b (nomen nudum) (3, 272); d'Archiac & Haime, 1854 (pp. 272, 359, 368, Pl. 24, figs. 6-8); Blanford, 1876 (p. 12); Mallada, 1878 (pp. 323, 407); Medlicott & Blanford, 1879b (p. 453); Duncan, 1880 (p. 8); Blanford, 1880 (pp. 40, 143); Fedden, 1880 (p. 204); Mallada, 1882 (Pl. 10, fig. 6); Zittel, 1883 (pp. 92, 99, 107, 110, 126); Cya, 1883 (p. 55); Mallada, 1892 (p. 200); Oppenheim, 1903a (p. 65, Pl. 3, figs. 5, 5a); Douvillé, 1916 (pp. 28, 45, Pl. 9, figs. 5, 6); Blanckenhorn, 1921 (pp. 86, 90); A. M. Davies, 1923 (pars) (p. 586); Cotter, 1926 (pp. 412, 413, 415); Cuvillier, 1930 (pp. 121, 163, 198, 200, 204, 206, 263); Cox, 1931 a (pp. 67, 34, 35); Cox, in Col. Davies & Pinfold, 1937 (p. 71); Rossi, 1942 (pp. 160, 115, 129, Pl. 8, fig. 9).
S. renaulti d'Archiac & Haime, Wynne, 1872 (p. 253). S. roualti d'Archiac, Maureta & Thos y Codina, 1881 (p. 321); Cotter, in Cossmann & Pissarro, 1927 (p. 4). S. hispanicus Doncieux, 1911 (p. 37, Pl. 6, figs. 12, 13). S. alexandrae Vredenburg, in Cossmann & Pissarro, 1927 (p. 11, Pl. 2, figs. 11-1 3). ?S. roxanae Vredenburg, in Cossmann & Pissarro, 1927 (p. 12, Pl. 2, figs. 10, 14); Krishnan, 1943 (p. 427). MATERIAL. Zinda Pir section: Zinda Pir Limestones (lower part, local zone 1) (FB. F. 2712, 2); Kohat area (Shekhan Nala section): Nummulite Shale (local subzone 4b) (FB. F. 2354, 1); Kohat area (Sirki Paila): Sirki Shale/Kohat Limestone (local subzone 4d) (FB. F. 2114, 2).
Accessory sample: Kohat area (Tarkhobi): Lower Shekhan Limestone (local subzone 3a) (FB. F. 2191, 2). FURTHER DISTRIBUTION IN INDIA AND PAKISTAN. Upper Ranikot (zone 3) in the hills south-east of Leilan old coal-pit on road to Unerpur (type locality for S. alexandrae); Upper Ranikot (zone 4) in the hilly ground south-east of Petiani below big scarp of white limestone and north-west of Kotri (type locality for S. roxanae); probably Laki of the Salt Range; Khirthar of Wagot. The type locality is in the 'Hala Range'.
FURTHER DISTRIBUTION. Ranikot (Spondylus Limestone Shales = Bed 14) 3 miles above Kampa Dzong (Tibet); Libyan of Egypt; Ypresian of southern France; Lower Mokattam of Egypt; Middle Eocene of Spain; Upper Mokattam of Egypt; Upper Eocene of Sirtica.» EAMES, F. E. 1951. A Contribution to the Study of the Eocene in Western Pakistan and Western India B. The Description of the Lamellibranchia from Standard Sections in the Rakhi Nala and Zinda Pir Areas of the Western Punjab and in the Kohat District. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London [Series B], 235 (627): 311-482, pls. 9-17. [p. 352, 353]
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«Indian Occurrences and Material.— Upper Ranikot of Sind (see below); the lectotype (Geol. Soc. 9728a), figured by D'ARCHIAC and HAIME (loc. cit., figs. 6, 6a), and several syntypes, Blagrave Coll. Laki (?) of the Salt Kange; three specimens, Fraser Coll. Recorded by DOUVILLE from the Laki (?) of Tibet.
Further Distribution.— Ypresian ("Lower Lutetian") of southern France; Middle Eocene of Spain; Lower and Upper Mokattam beds of Egypt. Remarks.— VREDENBURG (loc. cit.) assumes that the type-specimens of this species came from the Laki beds. Their matrix, however, is a yellowish sandstone containing grains of a black mineral, and appears to be identical with that of specimens known to come from the Kanikot. The Laki specimens now recorded compare closely with the types, so that the species seems to have had a fairly long range. S. alexandrae, described by VREDENBURG from the Ranikot beds, differs very little from the typical S. rouaulti, and may be placed in its synonymy, while S. roxanae is probably another synonym. DONCIEUX appears to have overlooked S. rouaulti when describing S. hispanicus as a new species, since the two forms agree in every detail. He states that S. hispanicus is abundant in the Eocene of Spain; hence it appears that MALLADA's previous record of S. rouaulti from that country was quite correct. The Kressenberg species recorded by FRAUSCHER (loc. cit.) as S. rouaulti (?) has been re-named S. frauscheri by SCHLOSSBR (1925, p. 42), but has not been figured.» COX, L. R. 1932. A Contribution to the Molluscan Fauna of the Laki and Basal Khirthar Groups of the Indian Eocene. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 57 (1): 25-92, pls. 16-18. [p. 67]
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