Lyriochlamys ternata (Münster in Goldfuss, 1833)
GOLDFUSS, A. 1833-1840. Petrefacta Germaniae tam ea, quae in museo universitatis regiae Borussicae Fridericiae Wilhelmiae Rhenanae servantur quam alia quae cunque in museis hoeninghusiano, muensteriano aliisque extant, iconibus et descriptionibus illustrata. Zweiter Theil, 312 p., pls. 1-199. Arnz & Co., Düsseldorf. [p. 52, pl. 91, fig. 13]
1833 Pecten ternatus Münster in Goldfuss, 1833
1833 Pecten actinodus Goldfuss, 1833
1833 Pecten decemcostatus Münster in Goldfuss, 1833
1833 Pecten cicatrisatus Goldfuss, 1833
1837 Pecten septemplicatus Dujardin, 1837
1837 Pecten squamulatus Dujardin, 1837
1841 Pecten dujardinii Roemer, 1841 [nomen novum pro Pecten septemplicatus Dujardin, 1837]
1842 Pecten squamifer Geinitz, 1842
1846 Pecten rarispinus Reuss, 1844
1847 Pecten cenomanensis Orbigny, 1847
1871 Pecten (Chlamys) asperulinus Stoliczka, 1871
1896 Pecten krenneri Pethö, 1896
1898 Pecten (Chlamys) trunensis Reis, 1898
1901 Pecten degiorgii Dainelli, 1901
1911 Pecten subdecemcostatus Vogel von Falckenstein, 1911
1922 Aequipecten falki J. Böhm, 1922
1833 Pecten actinodus Goldfuss, 1833
1833 Pecten decemcostatus Münster in Goldfuss, 1833
1833 Pecten cicatrisatus Goldfuss, 1833
1837 Pecten septemplicatus Dujardin, 1837
1837 Pecten squamulatus Dujardin, 1837
1841 Pecten dujardinii Roemer, 1841 [nomen novum pro Pecten septemplicatus Dujardin, 1837]
1842 Pecten squamifer Geinitz, 1842
1846 Pecten rarispinus Reuss, 1844
1847 Pecten cenomanensis Orbigny, 1847
1871 Pecten (Chlamys) asperulinus Stoliczka, 1871
1896 Pecten krenneri Pethö, 1896
1898 Pecten (Chlamys) trunensis Reis, 1898
1901 Pecten degiorgii Dainelli, 1901
1911 Pecten subdecemcostatus Vogel von Falckenstein, 1911
1922 Aequipecten falki J. Böhm, 1922
A. Goldfuss, 1833-1840, plate 91.
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«Pecten testa ovato-orbiculari convexo-plana, costis (9) acutis utrinque lineatis, sulcis plano-concavis latitudine aequalibus, auriculis...... — Ex arenaceo quadrato Saxoniae. M. M.
Wir kennen diese Art nur unvollständig durch einen Steinkern aus dem Quadersandstein von Schandau in Sachsen. Er ist eiförmig-kreisrund, flach-convex und hat 9 entfernte, breite, scharfe Rippen, welche an beiden Seiten durch eine Linie begrenzt sind. Die Zwischenfurchen sind flach-concav und eben so breit als die Rippen.» GEORG MÜNSTER IN AUGUST GOLDFUSS, 1833
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«Material: One left valve [DGP 26693: H = (28) mm] from Col dei Schiosi.
Discussion: The Lyriochlamys ternata specimen from Col dei Schiosi is worn and therefore the ribs seem smooth. Only the anterior auricle shows the commarginal ornamentation which is typical for the species (Dhondt, 1972b).
In the Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia, University of Florence, we saw the holotype of Pecten degiorgii Dainelli, 1901 (IGF 423). This Cenomanian specimen from Lequile, Capo di S. Maria di Leuca (Apulia), undoubtedly belongs to Lyriochlamys ternata. Distribution: Widely distributed from Cenomanian to Maastrichtian, frequent in coarse bioclastic deposits of temperate province. Rare in Tethys: Cenomanian of Friuli and Apulia (Italy), Maastrichtian of Uzbekistan and Egypt (Malchus, 1990, p. 39).»
DHONDT, A. V. & I. DIENI. 1993. Non-rudistid bivalves from Late Cretaceous rudist limestones of NE Italy (Col di Schiosi and Lago di S. Croce areas). Memorie di Scienze Geologiche, 43: 165-241, pls. 1-20, text-figs. 1-18. [p. 189]
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Lyriochlamys ternata (Munster in Goldfuss, 1833).; A. Dhondt & I. Dieni, 1993, Non-rudistid bivalves from Late Cretaceous rudist limestones of NE Italy (Col di Schiosi and Lago di S. Croce areas), plate 4, figure 16.
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«The concept of Lyriochlamys employed in the present study encompasses species placed by Dhondt (1973) in Chlamys (Mimachlamys) as well as Pecten semptemplicatus and Pecten ternatus Muenster in Goldfuss, 1833, placed by Dhondt (1972b) in "Lyropecten (Aequipecten?)." Mimachlamys Iredale, 1929 (type species, Pecten asperrimus Lamarck, 1819, Holocene, Indo-Pacific), is an extant genus that originated in the Eocene with characters not present in the Mesozoic taxa (Waller, 1991).»
WALLER, T. R. & L. MARINCOVICH JR. 1992. New species of Camptochlamys and Chlamys (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae) from nearthe Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary at Ocean Point, North Slope, Alaska. Journal of Paleontology, 66 (2): 215-227, figs. 1-5. [p. 224]
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«The very variable macrosculpture of L. (A?) ternatus is the origin of the species' confused systematics. Left and right valves have different macrosculptures and older authors considered these as belonging to different species; the left valve's macrosculpture is highly variable by itself so that the extremes in variability were often taken for different species too.
GOLDFUSS was the first to describe and figure valves of L. (A?) ternatus and he described his specimens under four different names. Of those two (Pecten ternatus and Pecten decemcostatus) are «Steinkernen» and are poorly preserved, but they still show the general shape and the typical distribution and number of the ribs. On these specimens, however, it is impossible to get an accurate idea of the rib macroscrulpture, particularly where it concerns their spines. The two other GOLDFUSS nominal species are from the Maastrichtian type-area (Sint Pietersberg, Maastricht) and are well preserved. Pecten actinodus is a right valve and Pecten cicatrisatus a left valve. Pecten septemplicatus DUJARDIN, 1837 non NILSSON, 1827 (from the craie micacée de la Touraine) renamed Pecten dujardini by F. A. ROEMER, 1841, is a right valve, but Pecten squamulatus DUJARDIN, 1837 from the same locality and horizon is the left valve of the same species. GEINITZ, 1842 described another «new» species: Pecten squamifer, but in 1872 he declared this nominal species to be synonymous with Pecten dujardini. REUSS, 1846 was the first to suppose that the right valve of Pecten dujardini did not bear spines but he still found it necessary to create a «new» species: Pecten rarispinus. D'ORBIGNY, 1847 confused matters still further: he drew reconstructions of both right and left valves of Pecten dujardini but he only knew left valves. He assumed erroneously the right valve to be the reflex of the left one. His Pecten cenomanensis is not different from L. (A?) ternatus; P. cenomanensis has the rib macrosculpture which I have described above as one of the extremes: long spines on top of the ribs, smooth lateral riblets and intercostal riblets. The ribnumber is only 7, but this is also the case in Pecten actinodus as described by GOLDFUSS and anyway, the ribnumber varies slightly from one locality to the other: in literature the ribnumber for P. dujardini is given as 8-12 but in the Maastricht area none of the specimens has more than 10 ribs. FRITSCH in 1877 indicated clearly that left and right valves in Pecten dujardini were different and what the differences were between both valves. Later several authors began to consider that the four GOLDFUSS «species» and the ROEMER «species» were probably synonymous, but exactly how this could be done was not clear for most of them. The most absolute «lumping» was undertaken by LEHNER. He rightly pointed out that all these «species» are synonymous. To the synonymy he also added Pecten trigeminatus GOLDFUSS. As stated later sub L. (A?) trigeminatus, I do not think that is correct. LEHNER considers Pecten (Aequipecten) pexatus WOODS, 1902 (p. 190, pI. 36 f. 5-7) as var. pexata of L. (A?) ternatus. There is a similarity between WOODS'S species and L. (A?) ternatus where the rib macrosculpture is concerned but the general shape and auricle-shape are different (9). Among the four nominal GOLDFUSS-species LEHNER chose the name Pecten ternatus; this is an unfortunate choice since the type is an insufficiently preserved «Steinkern». Pecten krenneri PETHO: Dr. FULOP of the Hungarian Geological Institute kindly sent me photographs of the type-specimen figured on pI. 14, f. 11. The specimens are very worn and it is difficult to decide whether they belong to L. (A?) ternatus or to L? septemplicatus (NILSSON). Their shape and ribdistribution make the former more likely, but the limited ornamentation is less developed than on most L. (A?) ternatus specimens. This lack of ornamentation could be due to the state of preservation. Differentiation between L. (A?) ternatus and the other L. (A.) species is easy: L. (A.) arlesiensis, L. (A.) acuteplicatus, L. (A.) pulchellus, L. (A.) campaniensis, L. (A.) subinflexus, L. (A.) subaratus are more circular in shape and have more ribs. L. (A?) trigeminatus has approximately the same number of ribs, but the intercostal intervals are narrower and the ribs smooth; the shape is more prosocline. L? septemplicatus has the same ribnumber but rounded ribs, flattened broad intercostal intervals and auricles without macrosculpture.» DHONDT, A. V. 1972. Systematic revision of the Chlamydinae (Pectinidae, Bivalvia, Mollusca) of the European Cretaceous. Part 2: Lyropecten. Bulletin de l’Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 48 (7): 1-81, pls. 1-3. [p. 52-54]
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Lyropecten (Aequipecten ?) ternatus (G. von Muenster in A. Goldfuss, 1833); A. V. Dhondt, 1972, Systematic revision of the Chlamydinae of the European Cretaceous, Part 2: Lyropecten, plate 2, figures 3a, 3b; plate 3, figures 1a-1d.
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