Parvamussium duodecimlamellatum (Bronn, 1831)
BRONN, H. G. 1831a. Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde und deren organische Einschlüsse. xii, 176 p. Karl Groos, Heidelberg. [p. 116]
1831 Pecten duodecimlamellatum Bronn, 1831
1839 Pecten philippi Michelotti, 1839
1839 Pecten philippi Michelotti, 1839
«663. ! duodecim-lamellatus n. sp. Ta. c.
P. testa subaequivalvis compressa, rotundata, eleganter et dense concentrice - striata, eradiata; auriculis aequalibus; intus lamellis 11—12 , aeque - distantibus, apice clavato - incrassatis radiata.
Verwandt mit P. squamula Lmk. VI. i. 183. Länge und Breite 7"'.» HEINRICH GEORG BRONN, 1832
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«Amongst Parvamussium species recognized within the Miocene Paratethyan fauna, P. duodecimlamellatum is relatively common. According to Sacco (1897), it is certainly a direct descendent of the Oligocene P. bronni. In the Paratethys its oldest specimens come from the Puntok Schlier Formation in Hungary and were regarded as biostratigraphically important. Based on the calcareous nannofloral content, indicative of the NN2 Zone, the Puntok Schlier Formation is assigned to the Eggenburgian (Lower Miocene; Hámor et al., 1987). Following Bohn-Havas et al. (1987) P. duodecimlamellatum and Lentipecten denudatus (Reuss) are characteristic scallop species in basin facies of the Eggenburgian within two pectinid zones i.e. the Chlamys gigas assemblage Zone and Chlamys palmata–Chlamys crestensis assemblage Zone.
It seems that Hungarian records are the oldest evidence of this Miocene to Pleistocene species. Up to now P. duodecimlamellatum was unknown from strata older than the lower Eggenburgian (base of the Lower Miocene). In the Mediterranean area it was reported from the upper most Burdigalian (uppermost Lower Miocene) of Italy (Sacco, 1897). Its presence in the Chattian (Upper Oligocene) in the eastern Atlantic (Lusitanian Province) was only presumed: in the opinion of Deperet and Roman (1928, p. 180, 181), specimens from the French Atlantic coast illustrated and described by Cossmann and Peyrot (1914, pl. 13, figs. 3–7, pl. 15, fig. 24) as Variamussium cf. felsineum Foresti doubtlessly represent duodecimlamellatum. This was also stated by Erünal-Erentöz (1958) and Robba (1968). An entirely different opinion was expressed by Kautsky (1928), Meznerics (1936), Krach (1957) and Csepreghy-Meznerics (1960) who accepted the designation by Cossmann and Peyrot (1914). Thus, only re-study of the French material may allow its reliable identification. The species P. duodecimlamellatum is regarded to be characteristic in the basin facies of the Lower Badenian (Baden Clay Formation) in Hungary (Bohn-Havas et al., 1987). Its occurrence together with Costellamussium cristatus badense (Fontannes) indicates the lower part of the Flabellipecten besseri assemblage Zone. The available evidence suggests that in other parts of the Central Paratethys P. duodecimlamellatum is rarely en countered. No specimen was detected by Kowalewski (1966) within bivalve material from more then 100 bore holes drilled through the Middle Miocene sequence in the Carpathian Foredeep Basin in Poland. Individual specimens of P. duodecimlamellatum are present in Lower Badenian clays in north western Bulgaria (Kojumdgieva 1960, p. 73, 74, pl. 25, figs. 9, 10). Although Deperet and Roman (1928, p. 180–182) believed that Bronn’s species is adequately defined, it has been frequently misidentified with P. felsineum from which it differs in its external ornamentaion of the left valve (see discussion in Deperet and Roman, 1928; Kautsky, 1928; Meznerics, 1936; Harzhauser et al., 2011). Kautsky’s (1928, p. 254) claim that the majority of specimens from Baden and Steinebrunn in Austria as well as those from Lapugy in Romania ascribed by Hörnes (1867, p. 420, 421) to duodecimlamellatum represent typical felsineum was accepted by Deperet and Roman (1928, p. 183, pl. 27, figs. 12, 12a, 13, 13a) and more recently by Schultz (2001, p. 162–164, pl. 15, figs. 10a, b, 11a, b) who considered specimens from the uppermost Lower Badenian at Baden identical to Foresti’s species felsineum. Finally, due to the insufficient description and very poor illustrations the identification of many Paratethyan specimens as signed to both duodecimlamellatum (e.g., Nicorici, 1977, p. 130, 131) and to felsineum (e.g., Stancu et al., 1971, pl. 4, figs. 3, 4) is unclear and they still remain to be in vestigated. It is es tablished that P. duodecimlamellatum inhabited the Mediterranean Province at least since the late Burdigalian (Early Miocene) and persisted up to the Early Pleistocene. So far its old est record through out the Mediterra nean is from the upper Burdigalian at Sciolze in the Turin Hills (Sacco, 1897, p. 48, 49) whilst its youngest record is in the Lower Pleistocene strata near Grammichele in Sicily (Malatesta, 1960, p. 238). Its presence is well-documented in the central and eastern Mediterranean: in numerous, especially Pliocene outcrops in Italy (Sacco, 1897; Deperet and Roman, 1928; Ruggieri, 1950, 1957; Malatesta, 1960; Glibert and Van de Poel, 1965; Robba, 1968; Caprotti, 1974; Ceregato et al., 2007), southern Turkey (Erünal-Erentöz, 1958), and in Syria (Roger, 1939). In contrast, there are scarce data about its presence in the western Mediterranean, and its Pliocene occurrences in Spain and France (Lozano-Francisco, 1997) need confirmation, the more so as, as in the senior author's opinion, numerous Pliocene specimens from both the Var Basin in southern France and the Estapona Basin in Spain which are referred to as P. duodecimlamellatum by Lozano-Francisco (1997, p. 313–315, pl. 32, figs. 1–10) are actually closer to P. felsineum.» STUDENCKA, B., V. A. PRYSYAZHNYUK & S.A. LJUL’EVA. 2012. First record of the bivalve species Parvamussium fenestratum (Forbes, 1844) from the Middel Miocene of the Paratethys. Geological Quarterly, 56 (3): 513-528, figs. 1-5. [p. 522, 523]
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Parvamussium duodecimlamellatum (Brn.): F. Sacco, 1897, I Mulluschi del terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte XXIV (Pectinidae), plate 14, figures 2-6.
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