Coralichlamys madreporarum (Petit in G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)
SOWERBY II, G. B. 1842. Monograph of the genus Pecten. In: G. B. Sowerby II (Ed.), 1842-1847, Thesaurus conchyliorum; or, monographs of genera of shells, 1 (2): 45-78, pls. 12-20. London. [p. 68, pl. 14, fig. 68]
1842 Pecten madreporarum G. B. Sowerby II, 1842
1888 Pecten nigromaculatus Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt, 1888
1939 Coralichlamys acroporicola Iredale, 1939
1888 Pecten nigromaculatus Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt, 1888
1939 Coralichlamys acroporicola Iredale, 1939
G. B. Sowerby II, 1842, plate 14.
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«70. P. MADREPORARUM. (pl. xiv. f. 68.) Petit.
T. obliquè ovatâ, compressâ, irregulari, radiatim striatâ: auriculis inaequalibus, anticis magnis, posticis parvis: costis 7 obsoletis, distantibus: colore albo, nigro maculato. Long. 0.66.; lat. 0.10.; alt. 0.80.; poll. This small, white, flat, oval, black-spotted shell is found in holes of Madrepore. It is from the Red Sea.» GEORGE BRETTINGHAM SOWERBY II, 1842
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«Comments on type data. Reeve (1853: sp. 117) did not follow the original description by Sowerby (1842: 68) and mentioned as the locality “Java (in masses of madrepore)”, following the misleading label “Java” accompying the type lot. However, Sowerby clearly mentioned in the original description “… found in holes of Madrepore. It is from the Red Sea.” Therefore the type locality is taken here as the Red Sea (see also Dijkstra & Knudsen, 1998: 73), although it is quite likely that these localities were both provided by Hugh Cuming at different times and are equally spurious. Beu (2006: 171–172) concluded that “localities accompanying material from Cuming’s collection should all be regarded as unreliable unless confirmed by subsequent re-collecting”.
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Description. Shell up to c. 30 mm high, most specimens xenomorphic or irregular in shape, oblong, prosocline, inequivalve, with right valve slightly more convex than left, inequilateral, auricles unequal in shape and size, umbonal angle 80–90°; cream or whitish, left valve of most specimens with fine brown maculations, right valve paler and without brown markings in most specimens.
Both valves sculptured with numerous, unevenly spaced, scabrous, fasciculate radial riblets. Near ventral margin, riblets bear microsculpture of fine commarginal lamellae; near posterior margin some specimens also have interstitial microscopic antimarginal striae. Auricles highly unequal, anterior much larger than posterior, bearing fine radial riblets and commarginal lamellae; posterior ones with weaker sculpture, dorsal margin strongly declined. Byssal notch deep, byssal fasciole rather broad. Functional ctenolium with 4–6 teeth. Hinge with prominent resilial teeth; resilifer very narrowly triangular. Dimensions. Illustrated specimens: NT, Gove, Melville Bay, Drimmie Head (AM C.303771): rv: H 18.5, L 16.5 mm; lv: H 18.3, L 16.4 mm; D 5.5 mm. Iredale (1939: 356) stated the dimensions of “the Australian species” (implying the holotype of Coralichlamys acroporicola) as H 29, L 24 mm, although he noted that Sowerby’s (1842: pl. 14, fig. 68) illustrations indicated a shell measuring H 20, L 16 mm.
Habitat. Living in the littoral zone; a coral-dwelling species, lodged amongst lower Acropora branches (Woolacott, 1952: fig. 3, in situ) and most specimens prefer calmer waters or lagoons.
Distribution. Tropical Indo-West Pacific from southern Japan to northern Australia, westwards to the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Malagasy and Mauritius, and eastwards to Samoa (Raines & Poppe, 2006: 188); Red Sea to Amami, 0–22 m (Huber, 2010: 208); Red Sea, 4–8 m, Gulf of Aden, 18 m (Dijkstra & Knudsen, 1998: 75); Philippines, intertidal zone to 24 m (Dijkstra, 2013: 60); Indonesia (Dijkstra, 1991: 32); Papua New Guinea (Dijkstra, 1998a: 30). Maximum depth range of live-taken specimens is from the intertidal zone to 38 m (unpublished data, HHD). Present specimens from Australia alive from the intertidal zone to 30 m.
Remarks. Although the present specimens are extremely variable in shape and many are deformed as a result of their habitat among coral branches, other characters are identical to those of the type material of Coralichlamys madreporarum.»
DIJKSTRA, H. H. & A. G. BEU. 2018. Living scallops of Australia and adjacent waters (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinoidea: Propeamussiidae, Cyclochlamydidae and Pectinidae). Records of the Australian Museum, 70 (2): 113-330, figs. 1-102. [p. 230-232]
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Coralichlamys madreporarum (G. B. Sowerby II); H. H. Dijkstra & A. G. Beu, 2018, Living scallops of australia and adjacent waters, figures 59I, 59L, 61E, 61F, 63A, 63C.
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«Type data. — Pecten madreporarum Sowerby: Lectotype (H 20.1 mm, pv) BMNH 1995083/1 designated by Dijkstra & Knudsen (1998: 75), figured by Sowerby (1842: sp. 70, pl. 14, fig. 68); paralectotype (pr) BMNH 1995083/2, figured by Reeve (1853: sp. 117, pl. 28, fig. 117), paralectotype (pr) BMNH 1995083/3 (not figured). Type locality: “Red Sea” (original description), “Java” (label).
Pecten nigromaculatus Kobelt: Lectotype (H 22 mm, pv) ZMB Moll. 114.608, designated by Dijkstra & Köhler (2008: 39), labelled “Pecten nigromaculatus Dkr/Viti Isl.”, i.e., Fiji Islands (Dijkstra & Köhler, 2008: 39, fig. 3e). Coralichlamys acroporicola Iredale: Holotype (H 29 mm, pv) AMS C.90374. Type locality: Queensland, Low Isles, near Port Douglas. Material examined. — Philippines: PMBP 2004, Stn B3, 8 m, 1 pv (A); Stn B12, 24-27 m, 2 pv (A); Stn B20, 2-8 m, 2 pv (A), 3 v; Stn B39, 17-25 m, 1 pv (A); Stn M1, 0-1 m, 1 pv (A); Stn R10, 2-10 m, 1 pv (A); Stn S13, 8-15 m, 2 v; Stn S21, 4-12 m, 3 v; Stn S25, 21 m, 1 v.
Diagnosis. — Shell up to c. 30 mm high, most specimens xenomorphic or irregular in shape, oblong, prosocline, inequivalve, with right valve slightly more convex than left, inequilateral, auricles unequal in shape and size, umbonal angle 80˚-90˚; cream or whitish, left valve of most specimens with fine brown maculations, right valve paler and without brown markings in most specimens. Both valves sculptured with numerous, unevenly spaced, scabrous fasciculated radial riblets. Near ventral margin, costae bear microsculpture of fine commarginal lamellae; near posterior margin some specimens also have interstitial microscopic antimarginal striae. Auricles highly unequal, anterior much larger than posterior, bearing fine radial riblets and commarginal lamellae; posterior ones with weaker sculpture, dorsal margin strongly declined. Byssal notch deep, byssal fasciole rather broad. Functional ctenolium with 4-6 teeth. Hinge with prominent resilial teeth; resilium strongly triangularly oblong.
Distribution. — Tropical Indo-West Pacific from southern Japan to northern Australia, westwards into the Indian Ocean into the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Malagasy and Mauritius, and eastwards into the Pacific to Samoa (Raines & Poppe, 2006: 188). Present specimens from the Philippines alive at intertidal to 24 m (minimum depth range). Bathymetric range of live-taken specimens is intertidal to 35 m (ZMA, unpubl. data). A coral-dwelling species, living lodged amongst lower Acropora branches (Woolacott, 1952: fig. 3, in situ) and usually prefers calmer waters or lagoons. Remarks. — Although the present specimens from the Philippines are variable in shape and many are deformed as a result of its habitat among coral branches, other characters are identical to those of the type material of C. madreporarum. DIJKSTRA, H. H. 2013. Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae and Pectinidae) from the Panglao region, Philippine Islands. Vita Malacologica, 10: 1-108, pls. 1-32. [p. 58, 60]
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Coralichlamys madreporarum (G. B. Sowerby 2nd, 1842); H. H. Dijkstra, 2013, Pectinoidea from the Panglao region, Philippine Islands, plate 16, figures 1a-1d.
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«Remarks. The description [Pecten nigromaculatus Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt, 1888] is based on material from the Paetel collection, accompanied by an unpublished manuscript name of Dunker. However, because no description was published by Dunker, Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt is the authority for the name (Hertlein 1936; Rehder 1952). Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt (1888) provided measurements for only a single shell, which is not interpreted as designation of a holotype. The text of the description is silent in regard to the number of specimens on which it is based. Following recommendation 73F (Avoidance of assumption of holotype) of the ICZN (1999), the present specimen is not considered as the holotype. It perfectly fits the figure and measurements provided in the description and is designated as the lectotype. It was originally distributed by Godeffroy from Hamburg and incorporated in the collection of Paetel along with the manuscript name of Dunker. The species is considered a junior synonym of Coralichlamys madreporarum (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842), placed in the family Pectinidae. This coral-dwelling, sublittoral species lives embedded in branches of the fast-growing coral Acropora and occurs throughout the Indo-West Pacific.»
DIJKSTRA, H. H. & F. KÖHLER. 2008. An annotated catalogue of Recent Pectinoidea (Mollusca, Pectinidae and Propeamussiidae) type material in the Museum of Natural History, Humboldt University, Berlin. Zoosystematics and Evolution, 84 (1): 31-44, figs. 1-4. [p. 39]
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Lectotype of Pecten nigromaculatus; H. H. Dijkstra & F. Köhler, 2008, An annotated catalogue of Recent Pectinoidea type material in the Museum of Natural History, Humboldt University, Berlin, figure 3e.
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