Chlamys hastata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)
SOWERBY II, G. B. 1842. Monograph of the genus Pecten. In: G. B. Sowerby II (Ed.), 1842-1847, Thesaurus conchyliorum; or, monographs of genera of shells, 1 (2): 45-78, pls. 12-20. London. [p. 72, pl. 20, fig. 236]
1842 Pecten hastatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1842
1846 Pecten rastellinum Valenciennes in Petit-Thouars, 1846
1846 Pecten comatus Valenciennes in Petit-Thouars, 1846
1850 Pecten hericius Gould, 1850
1850 Pecten denticulatus Adams & Reeve, 1850
1857 Pecten altiplicatus Conrad, 1857
1906 Pecten (Chlamys) lawsoni Arnold, 1906
1927 Chlamys odontota Cox, 1927 [nomen novum pro Pecten denticulatus Adams & Reeve, 1850]
1935 Pecten hindsii clemensi Oldroid, 1935 [nomen nudum]
1938 Pecten newcombi Oldroid, 1938 [nomen nudum]
1846 Pecten rastellinum Valenciennes in Petit-Thouars, 1846
1846 Pecten comatus Valenciennes in Petit-Thouars, 1846
1850 Pecten hericius Gould, 1850
1850 Pecten denticulatus Adams & Reeve, 1850
1857 Pecten altiplicatus Conrad, 1857
1906 Pecten (Chlamys) lawsoni Arnold, 1906
1927 Chlamys odontota Cox, 1927 [nomen novum pro Pecten denticulatus Adams & Reeve, 1850]
1935 Pecten hindsii clemensi Oldroid, 1935 [nomen nudum]
1938 Pecten newcombi Oldroid, 1938 [nomen nudum]
G. B. Sowerby II, 1842, plate 20.
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«82. P. HASTATUS. (pl. XX. f. 236.) nob.
T. ovali subtrigonâ, subelongat, scabrâ; auriculis inaequalibus, posticis minimis, anticis magnis, scabroso-sulcatis: valvâ sinistrâ, costis 8, inaequalibus, valdè elevatis, angulatis; spinas numerosas, erectas, subcrispatas ferentibus, costis interstitialibus numerosis, inaequalibus, serratis: valvâ dextrâ, costis 22, angulatis, spinosis; colore rubro, intus albo. Long. 0, 95.; lat. 0.30.; alt. 1,15.; poll. Oval, inclining to triangular, rather elongated, rough; with very unequal ears, the posterior ones being very small; the upper valve has eight unequal, elevated, angular ribs, with numerous erect, slightly curved, sharp spines, and several smaller spinose ribs in the interstices. The lower valve has 22 more nearly equal ribs with more nvimerous and smaller spines on the angles. The only specimen we have seen is in the collection of the Rev. F. J. Stainforth.» GEORGE BRETTINGHAM SOWERBY II, 1842
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«Chlamys hastata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842). Spiny scallop.
Pecten hastatus G. B. Sowerby II 1842; P. comatus Valenciennes 1846; P. rastellinum Valenciennes 1846; P. hericus Gould 1850; P. altiplectus Conrad 1857; P. altiplicatus Conrad 1857; P. (Chlamys) lawsoni R. Arnold 1906; P. islandicus pugetensis Oldroyd 1920; Pecten newcombi Oldroyd 1938; Chlamys hastata ellisi Hertlein and Grant 1972. Type locality: San Diego, California. Distribution: Afognak Island and the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, to San Diego, California; intertidal zone to 160 m.» DRUMM, D. T., K. P. MASLENIKOV, R. V. SYOC, J. W. ORR, R. R. LAUTH, D. E. STEVENSON & T. W. PIETSCH. 2016. An annotated checklist of the marine macroinvertebrates of Alaska. NOAA Professional Paper NMFS, 19: 1-289. [p. 142]
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«Chlamys hastata (Sowerby, 1842), including the subspecies C. hastata hericia (Gould, 1850) and C. hastata pugetensis (Oldroyd, 1920), ranges along the coastal regions of North America from San Diego to the Gulf of Alaska. In terms of shell morphology, the subspecies that ranges the furthest south, C. hastata hastata (PI. 1, Figs. 15, 16), is the furthest removed from C. islandica of any of the species in the Chlamys islandica complex. This is indicated by the fasciculation of the ribs of the right valve of C. hastata, sensu stricto, and the corresponding arrangement of left-valve ribs into two or three orders, the highest ribs on each valve covered by erect, cuspate scales. In the two more northerly subspecies, C. hastata hericia and C. hastata pugetensis (PI. 2, Figs. 1, 2, 4, 6) this pattern is more subdued, particularly in the latter, which was originally described by Oldroyd (1920) as a subspecies of C. islandica.»
WALLER,
T. R. 1991. Evolutionary relationships among commercial scallops
(Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae). In: Shumway S. E. (ed.), Scallops:
biology, ecology and aquaculture. Developments in Aquaculture and
Fisheries Science, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 21: 1-73, pls. 1-8. [p. 21]
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Chlamys hastata (Sowerby, 1842); T. R. Waller, 1991, Evolutionary relationships among commercial scallops, plate 1, figures 15, 16.
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«Discussion.— Typical C. hastata ranges from Monterey to San Diego, Calif., whereas C. hastata hericius ranges from the Gulf of Alaska to Santa Barbara, Calif. The more extreme variants of typical C. hastata have high, sharp crested ribs with moderately large spinelike scales, whereas the opposite extreme of C. hastata hericius has low bundles or fascicles of riblets with all the riblets finely and equally scabrous. Some ntermediate specimens might be difficult to assign to either subspecies. If living individuals of these forms do not constitute an entirely continuous series of variation, they come very close to it.
The more finely ribbed variants of C. hastata hericius are believed to be the more archaic form of the species. The type of Pecten altiplicatus Conrad (see Arnold, 1906, pl. 41, fig. 4) from beds of late Pliocene age near Santa Barbara, Calif., is closer to the borderline between typical C. hastata and C. hastata hericius. Much more will have to be known of the early history of the C. hastata group before it can be said with certainty that it is related to any known Alaskan or Japanese group.» MACNEIL, F. S. 1967. Cenozoic pectinids of Alaska, Iceland, and other nothern regions. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, 553: iv + 1-57, pls. 1-25. [p. 14, 15]
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Chlamys ("Chlamys") hastata hericius (Gould); F. S. MacNeil, 1967, Cenozoic pectinids of Alaska, Iceland, and other nothern regions, plate 21, figures 1, 3.
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«The only difference between P. hastatus and this variety is in the relative prominence and abundance of the ribs and riblers forming the fasciculi. In the right valve of the adult var. hericius each fascicule consists of three nearly equal spiny riblets (the middle riblet of the three being slightly more prominent and spiny), between which and the middle riblet of the adjoining interspace are two small riblets (and sometimes another still smaller pair of intercalaries), while in the adult P. hastatus the fascicular arrangement all the right valve is obscure, there being a central spiny rib with 2 and sometimes 4 faint scaly riblets between the major rib and the middle riblet of the interspace. The fasciculi of the left valve of P. hericius are convex, and consist of a central more or less spiny rib, between which and the middle rib of the fascicule of the interspace are about 9 to 12 thread-like scaly riblets; while in P. hastatus there is a high narrow rib with steeply sloping sides, having a top ornamented by numerous tall curved spines; between this rib and the rib running down the interspace are from three to five faint thread-like scaly riblets. (Arnold, 1906, loco cit.)»
GRAU, G. 1959. Pectinidae of the eastern Pacific. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 23: i-viii, 308 p., pls. 1-57. University of Southern California Press. Los Angeles, California. [p. 89]
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Chlamys hastata hericia (Gould) 1850; G. Grau, 1959, Pectinidae of the eastern Pacific, plate 29.
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«Remarks: Bavay's diagnosis of Pecten denticulatus Adams & Reeve (Borneo; Sulphur expedition) as a juvenile Chlamys hastata was undoubtedly correct. No species even remotely resembling the description and figure of P. denticulatus has been reported from the western Pacific; furthermore, while Adams and Reeve believed their species to have been collected during the voyage of the Samarang in that area, it has been established that Captain Belcher, who was on both the Sulphur and Samarang expeditions, mixed a number of shells from both.»
GRAU, G. 1959. Pectinidae of the eastern Pacific. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 23: viii, 308 p., pls. 1-57. University of Southern California Press. Los Angeles, California. [p. 86, 87]
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Pecten denticulatus; A. Adams & L. A. Reeve, 1848-1850, The zoology of the voyage of the Samarang, Mollusca, plate 21, figure 14.
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«Pacific coast conchologists have long tried to separate hastatus Sowerby from hericius Gould, though Carpenter had already pointed out that they are the same. The former is nothing but the slightly deeper water southern variation of the form commonly called hericius, and can be told only by slightly longer spines on the left valve and by slightly smaller size, these differences not being significant in a classificatory sense. Small specimens of hericius cannot as a rule be distinguished from hastatus. Dall and Arnold recognized the synonymy of altiplicatus; and lawsoni is the same, badly worn so that it is almost unrecognizable.
This species is distinguishable from islandicus by its smaller size, by its more curving sides, by its deeper, broader byssal notch, and by its more differentiated ribs, the ribs being formed by gathering together the lesser riblets of islandicus into fascicles, the center riblet of which is the most elevated. Nevertheless, it is very clear that this species is closely related to islandicus, being connected with it by intergarding series. Carpenter noted one series in describing hindsii, the ribs of which sometimes tend to form spinose, triangular-shaped fascicles as in hastatus, especially on the left valve; and this series is made more complete by the variety albidus of hastatus. Middendorff noted another series of intergradations in describing beringianus, which he assigned as a variety to islandicus, and indeed beringianus is just one step beyond jordani in an unbroken series of variations, having the rounded ribs, the minor sculpture and the form of the byssal notch as in jordani, but the size and shape and arrangement of the ribs as in hastatus so that it has more frequently been assigned to hastatus as a variety. These relationships are none the less important because the writers now consider beringianus a full species, the three species forming a triangular intergrading group. In addition, P. hastatus is closely related to the P. varius group through sancti-ludovici, having the same narrow shape when young, broadening in the adult, the same long byssal ear, and the spinose ribs; and it is practically certain that the two converge in the Miocene. P. sancti-ludovici is more like islandicus in the character of the ribs. Another species, which has departed still more from the islandicus type but which is likewise almost certainly of the same immediate derivation as hastatus, is the sessile multirugosus, often separated, as the writers believe erroneously, into a distinct genus Hinnites.» GRANT IV, U. S. & H. R. GALE. 1931. Catalogue of the marine Pliocene and Pleistocene Mollusca of California and adjacent regions. Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History, Volume 1, 1036 p., pls. 1-32, 15 text figs. [p. 167, 168]
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Pecten (Pecten) hastatus Sowerby; U. S. Grant IV & H. R. Gale, 1931, Catalogue of the marine Pliocene and Pleistocene Mollusca of California and adjacent regions, plate 11, figures 6a, 6b.
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«5. Ch. odontola, Cox. A substitute-name for Pecten denticulatus, Adams and Reeve, non Hagenow. Recorded from Suez by Cooke, and from the Red Sea by Sturany. Bavay has stated that this is the young form of Ch. hastata (G. B. Sowerby), but, since the latter is now known to be a Western American species, this suggestion is very improbable.»
COX, L. R. 1929. Notes on the Post-Miocene Ostreidae and Pectinidae of the Red Sea region, with remarks on the geological significance of their distribution. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 18: 165-209, pls. 11-13. [p. 205]
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