Spondylus subsquamosus Forbes, 1846
FORBES, E. 1846. Report on the fossil invertebrata from Southern India Collected by Mr. Kaye and Mr. Cunliffe. Transactions of the Geological Society of London [2nd Series], 7: 97-174, pls. 7-19. [p. 154, pl. 18, fig. 1]
1846 Spondylus subsquamosus Forbes, 1846
1846 Spondylus calcaratus Forbes, 1846
1846 Spondylus calcaratus Forbes, 1846
E. Forbes, 1846, plate 18.
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«S. testâ obliquâ, suborbiculari, valvâ dextrâ complanata, affixâ, longitudinaliter striatâ et transversè plicatâ; valvâ sinistrâ convexâ, sulcatâ, sulcis numerosissimis regularibus longitudinalibus, costis elevatis acutis, ad marginem squamis paucis.
Lower valve with beak 3 inches long. Breadth 2¾ inches. Thickness 2¼ inches. Upper valve 2½ inches in length.
This fine species has the smaller valve very regularly eared. The sculpture of the surface is regular, and varied by a few arched scales placed at irregular distances towards the margin. There are traces of decussating striae between the ribs. The beak is triangular. It is nearly allied to the Neocomian Spondylus Roemeri, described by Deshayes. Locality, Pondicherry.» EDWARD FORBES, 1846
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«In general form, the present species [S. schekkermanae] resembles the specimen from "grey sandstones" of the Santonian Upper Trichinopoly Group of South India figured by Stoliczka (1871, pI. 33, figure 10) as Spondylus calcaratus Forbes. The main differences appear to concern the sculpture. On Stoliczka's specimen, a LV, there is both first and second order ribbing, which on our species is a feature of the RV only. Lakshminarayana and Roy (1978: 212) have contended that the name Spondylus calcaratus Forbes, 1846 should, by page priority, pass into the synonymy of Spondylus subsquamosus Forbes, 1846 and question the correctness of Stoliczka's use of the former. We note, however, that Stoliczka's choice of S. calcaratus, that of "first revisor" under Article 24 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, is not limited by any question of page priority and is therefore valid and not subject to alteration. Lakshminarayana and Roy (ibid.) suggest that the specimens represented by Stoliczka's (ibid.) pI. 13 [sic], figures 6, 7 and 9 correspond to S. sulcatellus Stoliczka and not S. calcaratus».
DARRAGH, T. A. & G. W. KENDRICK. 1991. Maastrichtian Bivalvia (excluding Inoceramidae) from the Miria Formation, Carnarvon Basin, northwestern Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 36: 102 p., figs. 1-26. [p. 77, 78]
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Spondylus calcaratus, Fob.; F. Stoliczka, 1870-1871, Cretaceous fauna of Southern India. III. The Pelecypoda, with a review of all known genera of this class, fossil and recent, plate 33, figures 6, 7, 9, 10.
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«Stoliczka (1871) stated that he agrees with d'Orbigny, in concluding that S. subsquamosus Forbes and S. calcaratus Forbes are conspecific. Strangely, however, he used the name S. calcaratus (Forbes, 1846, p. 155, pl. 18 fig. 2) in preference to S. subsquamosus (Forbes, 1846, p. 154, pI. 18 fig. 1) which is untenable under the Rules of Priority. Therefore, we restore S. subsquamosus Forbes as the name of the species.
Stoliczka collections in G. S. I. include four specimens labelled as S. calcaratus Forbes, bearing the Type Nos. 1335 (pI. 33 fig. 6), 1336 (pI. 33 figs. 7, 7a), 1338 (pl. 33 figs. 9, 9a), and 1339 (pI. 33 fig. 10). Of these, only Type No. ) 339 (pI. 33 fig. 10) belongs to S. calcaratus Forbes sensu Stoliczka (1871) and the other specimens bearing Type Nos. 1335, 1336, 1339, belong to S. sulcatellus Stoliczka (Stoliczka, 1871 : 448, pI. 34, fig. 1. Therefore, we included S. calcaratus Forbes sensu Stoliczka (partim) and referrable to his specimen with Type No. 1339, pl. 33 fig. 10 only in the species under discussion.» LAKSHMINARAYANA , K. V. & C. S. ROY. 1978. Revision of the genus Spondylus Linnaeus (Pelecypoda: Mollusca) from Cretaceous beds of Trichinopoly (S. India) with notes on related species. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 1 (3): 211-220, pl. 2. [p. 212]
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Spondylus (Spondylus) subsquamosus Forbes; K. V. Lakshminarayana & C. S. Roy, 1978, Revision of the genus Spondylus Linnaeus from Cretaceous beds of Trichinopoly, plate 2, figures 1A-1C.
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